Studies on Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic and Antipyretic Properties of Methanol Extract of Caesalpinia bonducella leaves in Experimental Animal Models

The methanol extract of Caesalpinia bonducella leaves were investigated for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, body weight. The experimental paradigms used were carrageenan, dextran, histamine induced pedal edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma for anti-inflammatory activity, while hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing methods were used to assess analgesic activity. Yeast-induced hyperpyrexia was used to evaluate the antipyretic activity. In acute phase inflammation, a maximum inhibition 50.6% (p < 0.05), 51.1% (p < 0.05) and 52.3% (p < 0.05) was noted at the dose of 200 mg/kg after 3 h of treatment with methanol extract of Caesalpinia bonducella (MECB) in carrageenan, dextran and histamine induced pedal edema respectively. In the chronic model (cotton pellet induced granuloma) the MECB (200 mg/kg) and standard drug (Indomethacin 10 mg/kg) showed decreased formation of granuloma tissue by 51.8% (p < 0.05) and 56.6% (p < 0.05) respectively. The extract also produced significant (p < 0.01) analgesic activity in both paradigms. In addition, MECB potentiated the morphine and aspirin induced analgesia. A significant (p < 0.01) reduction in hyperpyrexia in rat was also produced by the extract. This study exhibits that the methanol extracts of leaves of C. bonducella possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.